前言
最近有个需求，需要在 ubnutu22 上使用 pyinstaller 打包一个python2 的文件。
中间遇到了一些问题：
- pip2 install pyinstaller 报错
解决方案：
pip2 install pyinstaller == 3.6
- python2 和 python3 的 pyinstaller 如何同时存在，我想把 python2 的 pyinstaller 命名为 pyinstaller2,
把 python3 的 pyinstaller 不重名。
# 如果安装了 python3 的 pyinstaller，需要先卸载
pip3 uninstall pyinstaller# 1. 安装python2 的 pyinstaller
pip2 install pyinstaller == 3.6
# 2. 找到 pyinstaller 位置 (我的环境是在 /usr/local/bin/pyinstaller)
whereis pyinstaller
# 3. 重命名 python2 的 pyinstaller 为 pyinstaller2
cd /usr/local/bin/
mv pyinstaller pyinstaller2
# 4. 检查
pyinstaller2 --version# 5. 重新安装 python3 的 pyinstaller
pip3 install pyinstaller# 6. 检查python3 的 pyinstaller
pyinstaller --version
然后，使用命令，打包出现报错
pyinstaller2 -F tst.py -p /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/
1463 INFO: Python library not in binary dependencies. Doing additional searching...
Traceback (most recent call last):File "/usr/local/bin/pyinstaller2", line 8, in <module>sys.exit(run())File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/__main__.py", line 114, in runrun_build(pyi_config, spec_file, **vars(args))File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/__main__.py", line 65, in run_buildPyInstaller.building.build_main.main(pyi_config, spec_file, **kwargs)File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py", line 734, in mainbuild(specfile, kw.get('distpath'), kw.get('workpath'), kw.get('clean_build'))File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py", line 681, in buildexec(code, spec_namespace)File "/mnt/wallE_code_u22/pytest/pythonApiTst/code_u22/christie3_ctl.spec", line 17, in <module>noarchive=False)File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py", line 244, in __init__self.__postinit__()File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/building/datastruct.py", line 160, in __postinit__self.assemble()File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py", line 478, in assembleself._check_python_library(self.binaries)File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py", line 568, in _check_python_librarypython_lib = bindepend.get_python_library_path()File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/depend/bindepend.py", line 915, in get_python_library_pathpython_libname = findLibrary(name)File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/depend/bindepend.py", line 775, in findLibraryutils.load_ldconfig_cache()File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/depend/utils.py", line 400, in load_ldconfig_cachepath = m.groups()[-1]
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'groups'
下面，将描述我的解决方案
正文
chatgpt 建议使用 sudo ldconfig 刷新共享库缓存，我试了但是还是报上面的错误。
后来 view /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PyInstaller/depend/utils.py 400 行，找到了报错的地方
try:text = compat.exec_command(ldconfig, ldconfig_arg)except ExecCommandFailed:logger.warning("Failed to execute ldconfig. Disabling LD cache.")LDCONFIG_CACHE = {}returntext = text.strip().splitlines()[splitlines_count:]LDCONFIG_CACHE = {}for line in text:# :fixme: this assumes libary names do not contain whitespacem = pattern.match(line)path = m.groups()[-1]if is_freebsd or is_openbsd:# Insert `.so` at the end of the lib's basename. soname# and filename may have (different) trailing versions. We# assume the `.so` in the filename to mark the end of the# lib's basename.bname = os.path.basename(path).split('.so', 1)[0]name = 'lib' + m.group(1)assert name.startswith(bname)name = bname + '.so' + name[len(bname):]else:name = m.group(1)# ldconfig may know about several versions of the same lib,# e.g. differents arch, different libc, etc. Use the first# entry.if not name in LDCONFIG_CACHE:LDCONFIG_CACHE[name] = path
这里path = m.groups()[-1] 的 m 是个 None 类型，然后 m的来源是 m = pattern.match(line), line 是获取共享库后逐行读取的字段。那就是 m = pattern.match(line) 出现了异常。
打印 m 报错 None 时 line 的值，发现此时 line: 缓存生成方： ldconfig (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.35-0ubuntu3.6) stable release version 2.35, 程序就是在解析这句时报错，原因是格式不匹配。
使用系统指令
sudo ldconfig -p
发现打印的信息最后一行就是：缓存生成方： ldconfig (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.35-0ubuntu3.6) stable release version 2.35
解决方案，修改 utils.py 中的处理过程，略过 m 为 None 的部分
LDCONFIG_CACHE = {}for line in text:# :fixme: this assumes libary names do not contain whitespacem = pattern.match(line)# brian add 2024-05-09if m is None:print(line)continue# brian add endpath = m.groups()[-1]if is_freebsd or is_openbsd:# Insert `.so` at the end of the lib's basename. soname# and filename may have (different) trailing versions. We# assume the `.so` in the filename to mark the end of the# lib's basename.bname = os.path.basename(path).split('.so', 1)[0]name = 'lib' + m.group(1)assert name.startswith(bname)name = bname + '.so' + name[len(bname):]else:name = m.group(1)# ldconfig may know about several versions of the same lib,# e.g. differents arch, different libc, etc. Use the first# entry.if not name in LDCONFIG_CACHE:LDCONFIG_CACHE[name] = path添加了这个字段
# brian add 2024-05-09if m is None:print(line)continue# brian add end
果然python2 停止维护后，还需要手动修改bug，很难忘的过程，在此记录，以做参考。
